I-Laser Cutting kunye ne-Waterjet Cutting: I-Technologies ezimbini eziKhulu ezidibanisayo?Okanye zingcono xa ziyedwa? Njengesiqhelo, impendulo ixhomekeke kwiyiphi imisebenzi esemgangathweni wevenkile, zeziphi izixhobo ezihlala ziphathwa, inqanaba lezakhono zabaqhubi, kwaye ekugqibeleni uhlahlo lwabiwo-mali lwezixhobo ezikhoyo.
Ngokophando lwabathengisi abakhulu benkqubo nganye, impendulo emfutshane kukuba iijethi zamanzi azibizi kakhulu kwaye ziguquguquka ngakumbi kune-laser ngokwezinto ezinokunqunyulwa.Ukusuka kwigwebu ukuya ekudleni, iijethi zamanzi zibonisa ukuguquguquka okungaqhelekanga. ngesandla, iilaser zibonelela ngesantya esingenakuthelekiswa kunye nokuchaneka xa sivelisa izixa ezikhulu zeentsimbi ezibhityileyo ukuya kuthi ga kwi-intshi e-1 (25.4 mm) ubukhulu.
Ngokweendleko zokusebenza, iinkqubo zejethi zamanzi zisebenzisa izinto ezinqabileyo kwaye zifuna ukuguqulwa kwempompo.I-Fiber lasers ineendleko zokuqala eziphezulu, kodwa iindleko zokusebenza eziphantsi kunezizala zabo ze-CO2 ezindala;zisenokufuna uqeqesho olongezelelekileyo lwabaqhubi (nangona ujongano lwangoku lolawulo lufinyeza igophe lokufunda). Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku eyona ndlela ixhaphakileyo isetyenziswa yi-waterjet abrasive yi-garnet. Kwiimeko ezinqabileyo xa usebenzisa izinto ezirhabaxa ngakumbi ezifana ne-aluminium oxide, ityhubhu yokuxuba kunye nombhobho uya kufumana ukunxiba okungaphezulu. .Ngegarnet, i-waterjet components inokusika iiyure ze-125;kunye ne-alumina zinokuhlala malunga neeyure ezingama-30 kuphela.
Ekugqibeleni, ubuchwephesha obubini bufanele bubonwe njengokuncedisana, utsho uDustin Diehl, umphathi wemveliso yecandelo le-laser ye-Amada America Inc. eBuena Park, Calif.
“Xa abathengi benetekhnoloji yomibini, baba bhetyebhetye kakhulu ekubhideni,” ucacise watsho uDiehl.
Umzekelo, umthengi waseAmada onesistim ezibini uvala ngelaser. “Ecaleni kwesiqhoboshi sokushicilela kukho ijethi yamanzi esika ukugqunyelelwa ukumelana nobushushu,” utsho uDiehl.” Lakuba ligobile iphepha, bafaka isiqhoboshi, bagobe. kwakhona kwaye wenze ukurhangqa okanye ukutywina.Ngumgca wokuhlanganisa ococekileyo.”
Kwezinye iimeko, uDiehl uqhubeke, iivenkile zathi zifuna ukuthenga inkqubo yokusika i-laser kodwa khange bacinge ukuba bathatha umsebenzi omninzi ukuze bathethelele inkcitho. Ngomhla, siza kubenza bajonge i-laser.Sinokwenza i-sheet metal application ngemizuzu endaweni yeeyure. "
U-Tim Holcomb, ingcali yezicelo kwi-OMAX Corp. Kent, Geza., Oqhuba ivenkile malunga ne-laser ye-14 kunye ne-waterjet, ukhumbula ukubona umfanekiso owawubona kwiminyaka edlulileyo kwinkampani esebenzisa i-lasers, i-waterjets kunye ne-EDM yocingo.Ipowusta.Ipowusta ibeka ezona mathiriyeli zigqwesileyo kunye nobukhulu bohlobo ngalunye lomatshini onokuluphatha - uluhlu lweejethi zamanzi zincinci ezinye.
Ekugqibeleni, "Ndibona i-lasers izama ukukhuphisana kwihlabathi le-waterjet kwaye ngokuphambeneyo, kwaye abayi kuphumelela ngaphandle kwemimandla yabo," kuchaza uHolcomb.Waye waphawula ukuba ekubeni i-waterjet iyinkqubo yokusika ebandayo, "singakwazi thatha ithuba lonyango olungakumbi okanye izicelo zokhuselo kuba asinawo ummandla ochaphazeleke bubushushu (HAZ) — sibuchwephesha be-microjet.I-Minijet nozzle kunye ne-microjet cut "Isithathele ngokwenene."
Ngelixa iilaser zilawula ukusika kwentsimbi emnyama ethambileyo, itekhnoloji yejet yamanzi "ngokwenene iSwiss Army Knife yoshishino lwesixhobo somatshini," utshilo uTim Fabian, usekela mongameli wentengiso kunye nolawulo lwemveliso kwi-Flow International Corp. eKent, eWashington.Ilungu leMilo Technology Group.Its abathengi ziquka Joe Gibbs Racing.
"Ukuba ucinga ngako, umenzi weemoto zomdyarho onjengoJoe Gibbs Racing unokufikelela okuncinci kumatshini we-laser kuba bahlala besika inani elincinci leenxalenye ezivela kwizinto ezininzi ezahlukeneyo, kubandakanya i-titanium, i-aluminium kunye ne-carbon fiber," uFabian wachaza indlela. kwiimfuno abasicacisele zona yayikukuba umatshini abawusebenzisayo kwakufuneka ube lula ukuwucwangcisa.Ngamanye amaxesha umsebenzi unokwenza inxalenye nge-¼” [6.35 mm] ialuminiyam aze ayixhome kwinqwelo yomdyarho, kodwa emva koko agqibe kwelokuba loo ndawo mayenziwe nge-Made of titanium, icwecwe elishinyeneyo le-carbon fibre sheet, okanye i-aluminiyam sheet encinane. ”
Kwiziko lomatshini le-CNC lemveli, uqhubeke wathi, "olu tshintsho lukhulu."Ukuzama ukutshintsha iigiya ukusuka kwizinto eziphathekayo ukuya kwizinto kwaye ukusuka kwinxalenye ukuya kwinxalenye kuthetha ukutshintsha iintloko ze-cutter, isantya se-spindle, amazinga okutya kunye neenkqubo.
“Enye yezinto abasityhale ngokwenene ukuba sisebenzise i-waterjet kukwenza ithala leencwadi lezinto ezahlukeneyo abazisebenzisayo, ke ekuphela kwento ebekufuneka bayenze yayikukucofa imouse kabini kwaye batshintshe ukusuka kwi-¼” yealuminiyam ukuya kwi-½” [12.7 mm] carbon fiber ,” waqhubeka uFabian.”Okunye ukucofa, zisuka kwi-½” carbon fiber ukuya kwi-1/8″ [3.18 mm] titanium.”Umdyarho weJoe Gibbs “usebenzisa iialloyi ezininzi ezingaqhelekanga kunye nezinto oqhele ukuzibona bezisebenzisa abathengi abaqhelekileyo.Ke thina Ixesha elininzi lichithwe sisebenza nabo ukwenza amathala eencwadi ngezi zixhobo zihambele phambili.Ngamakhulu ezinto ezikwisiseko sedatha yethu, kukho inkqubo elula yokuba abathengi bongeze kwizinto zabo ezizodwa kunye nokwandisa le datha ngakumbi.”
Omnye umsebenzisi okwinqanaba eliphezulu le-Flow waterjet yi-SpaceX ka-Elon Musk.” Sinoomatshini abambalwa kwi-SpaceX yokwenza iinxalenye zeenqanawa ze-rocket,” utshilo uFabian. 'ayenzi 10,000 yayo nantoni na;benza enye kuzo, ezintlanu kuzo, ezine kuzo.”
Kwivenkile eqhelekileyo, "Nanini na unomsebenzi kwaye ufuna i-5,000 ¼" yento eyenziwe ngentsimbi, i-laser iya kuba nzima ukuyibetha," u-Fabian ubonisa.Kodwa ukuba ufuna iinxalenye ezimbini zentsimbi, iinxalenye ezintathu ze-aluminiyam ezenziweyo okanye ezine zenayiloni, ngekhe ucinge ngokusebenzisa i-laser endaweni yejethi yamanzi. ukuya kwi-8″ [15.24 ukuya kwi-20.32 cm] yentsimbi eshinyeneyo.
Ngelaser kunye nezahlulo zesixhobo somatshini, i-Trumpf ine-foothold ecacileyo kwi-laser kunye ne-CNC eqhelekileyo.
Kwifestile emxinwa apho ijet yamanzi nelaser ekudla ngokudibana khona—ubukhulu bentsimbi bungaphezu nje kwe-25.4 mm—ijet yamanzi igcina incam etsolo.
"Kakhulu, isinyithi esinzima kakhulu - i-intshi ye-1.5 [38.1 mm] okanye ngaphezulu - kungekhona nje ijet yamanzi ekunika umgangatho ongcono, kodwa i-laser ayinakukwazi ukucubungula isinyithi," utshilo uBrett Thompson, uMphathi weLaser Technology kunye neThengiso. Ukubonisana .Emva koko, umahluko ucacile: i-non-metals inokuthi yenziwe ngoomatshini kwi-waterjet, ngelixa nayiphi na isinyithi i-1 "engqindilili okanye encinci," i-laser ayinangqondo.Ukusika kwe-Laser kukhawuleza kakhulu, ngakumbi kuncinci. kunye/okanye izinto eziqinileyo – umzekelo, intsimbi engatyiwayo xa kuthelekiswa ne-aluminiyam.”
Ukugqiba inxalenye, ngakumbi umgangatho we-edge, njengoko i-material iba ngqindilili kwaye igalelo lobushushu liba yinto, i-waterjet iphinda izuze inzuzo.
"Le nto ingaba apho i-jet yamanzi ingaba nenzuzo," uThompson wavuma. "Uluhlu lobunzima kunye nezinto eziphathekayo zidlula i-laser enendawo encinci echaphazelekayo yokushisa.Nangona inkqubo icotha kunelaser, ijet yamanzi ikwabonelela ngomgangatho olungileyo womphetho.Ukwathande ukufumana isikweri esihle kakhulu xa usebenzisa ijethi yamanzi - nokuba ubukhulu bee-intshi, kwaye akukho burrs kwaphela. ”
U-Thompson wongezelela ukuba inzuzo ye-automation malunga nokudibanisa kwimigca yokuvelisa eyandisiweyo yi-laser.
"Nge-laser, ukuhlanganiswa okupheleleyo kunokwenzeka: impahla yomthwalo kwicala elinye, kunye nesiphumo esivela kwelinye icala lenkqubo edibeneyo yokusika kunye nokugoba, kwaye ufumana ukusika okugqityiweyo kunye nenxalenye egobileyo.Kule meko, ijethi yamanzi isenokuba lukhetho olubi - nokuba lunenkqubo yokulawula izinto eziphathekayo - kuba iindawo zisikwa kancinci kwaye kuyacaca ukuba kufuneka ujongane namanzi.
UThompson uthi iilaser azibizi kakhulu ukusebenza kunye nokuzigcina kuba “izinto ezisetyenziswayo zilinganiselwe, ngakumbi iilaser zefiber.”Nangona kunjalo, “ixabiso elingathanga ngqo lilonke lejethi zamanzi kusenokwenzeka ukuba libe sezantsi ngenxa yamandla asezantsi kunye nokulula okunxulumene nomatshini.Kuxhomekeke kwindlela ezi zixhobo zibini ziyilwe kwaye zigcinwe kakuhle ngayo. ”
Ukhumbula ukuba xa i-OMAX's Holcomb yayiqhuba ivenkile ngeminyaka yee-1990s, “Nanini na ndinenxalenye okanye iplani edesikeni yam, ingcinga yam yokuqala yayisithi, ‘Ngaba ndingayenza ngelaser?’” Kodwa ngaphambi kokuba ndazi Ngaphambili, sasisese. ukufumana iiprojekthi ezininzi nangakumbi ezinikezelwe kwi-waterjets.Ezo zixhobo ezityebileyo kunye neentlobo ezithile zamacandelo, asikwazi ukungena kwikona engqongqo kakhulu ngenxa yobushushu be-laser bommandla ochaphazelekayo;ivuthela ekoneni, ngoko besiya kungqiyama kwiijethi zamanzi - nokuba yintoni i-laser ehlala iyenza Okufanayo kuya kubunzima bezinto eziphathekayo.
Ngelixa amaphepha amatsha ekhawuleza kwi-laser, amaxwebhu apakishwe kwiimaleko ezine akhawuleza kwijethi yamanzi.
Ukuba bendinokusika i-3″ x 1″ [76.2 x 25.4 mm] isangqa ukusuka ku-1/4″ [6.35mm] intsimbi ethambileyo, bendiya kukhetha i-laser ngenxa yesantya kunye nokuchaneka kwayo.Gqiba-icala lokusikwa iContour - iya kuba yinto efana neglasi, igudile kakhulu. "
Kodwa ukuze ufumane i-laser ukuba isebenze kweli nqanaba lokuchaneka, wongeze wathi, "kufuneka ube yingcali kumaxesha amaninzi kunye namandla.Sisebenza kakuhle kuyo, kodwa kufuneka uyicofe ngokungqongqo kakhulu;ngeejethi zamanzi, okokuqala, Zama kuqala.Ngoku, bonke oomatshini bethu banenkqubo yeCAD eyakhelweyo. Ndiyakwazi ukuyila indawo ngokuthe ngqo kumatshini.”Oku kuhle kakhulu kwiprototyping, wongezelela. "Ndiyakwazi ukucwangcisa ngokuthe ngqo kwijethi yamanzi, okwenza kube lula ukutshintsha ubuninzi bezinto eziphathekayo kunye nezicwangciso."Iisetingi zemisebenzi kunye notshintsho “ziyathelekiseka;Ndizibonile iinguqulelo ezithile kwiijethi zamanzi ezifana kakhulu neelases. ”
Ngoku, kwimisebenzi emincinci, iprototyping okanye ukusetyenziswa kwemfundo - nakwivenkile yokuzilibazisa okanye igaraji - i-OMAX's ProtoMAX iza nempompo kunye netafile ye-caster yokufuduswa lula.Impahla yokusebenza ifakwe ngaphantsi kwamanzi ukuze inqumle izolile.
Ngokuphathelele ulungiso, “Ndidla ngokuqeqesha umntu ijet ngosuku okanye ezimbini ndize ndimthumele ebaleni ngokukhawuleza okukhulu,” utshilo uHolcomb.
Iimpompo ze-OMAX ze-EnduroMAX zenzelwe ukunciphisa ukusetyenziswa kwamanzi kwaye zivumele ukwakhiwa kwakhona ngokukhawuleza.Uguqulelo lwangoku lunamatywina amathathu ashukumisayo.Yimpompo yoxinzelelo oluphezulu, ke thatha ixesha lakho ufumane uqeqesho olufanelekileyo. "
"Iijethi zamanzi lilitye elihle lokuchaphaza kunye nokwenza izinto, kwaye inyathelo lakho elilandelayo liya kuba yilaser," uyacebisa.Kwaye iibhuleki zokushicilela zifikeleleka kakhulu, ngoko ke ziyakwazi ukusika kwaye zigobe.Kwimeko yemveliso, unokuthambekela ekusebenziseni i-laser. "
Ngelixa i-fiber lasers inikezela ukuguquguquka ukusika i-non-steel (ubhedu, ubhedu, i-titanium), iijethi zamanzi zinokusika izinto ze-gasket kunye neeplastiki ngenxa yokungabikho kwe-HAZ.
Ukusebenzisa isizukulwana sangoku se-fiber laser cutting systems "ngoku enembile kakhulu, kwaye indawo yokuvelisa inokuthi igqitywe ngeprogram," kusho u-Diehl. "Umqhubi ulayisha nje i-workpiece kunye nokubetha kuqala.Ndisuka evenkileni kwaye kwixesha le-CO2 optics liqala ukukhula kwaye liwohloke, umgangatho wokusika uyasokola, kwaye ukuba ungayixilonga loo miba, uthathwa njengomsebenzi oGqwesileyo.Iinkqubo zefiber zanamhlanje zizisiki ze-cookie-cutter, azinazo ezo zinto zisetyenziswayo, ngoko zinokuvulwa okanye zicinywe - ukusika iinxalenye okanye hayi.Kuthatha kancinane imfuno yomsebenzisi onezakhono.Oko kutshiwo, ndicinga ukuba utshintsho ukusuka kwijethi yamanzi ukuya kwi-laser luya kuba lula kwaye lube lula. ”
UDiehl uqikelela ukuba i-fiber laser system eqhelekileyo inokuqhuba i-$2 ukuya kwi-3 yeedola ngeyure, ngelixa iijethi zamanzi zibaleka malunga ne-50 yeedola ukuya kwi-75 yeedola ngeyure, kuthathelwa ingqalelo ukusetyenziswa kwe-abrasive (umzekelo, i-garnet) kunye ne-retrofits yempompo ecwangcisiweyo.
Njengoko amandla e-kilowatt eenkqubo zokusika i-laser aqhubeka ekhula, ayanda ukuba abe ngenye indlela kwiijethi zamanzi kwizinto ezifana ne-aluminium.
“Kwixesha elidlulileyo, ukuba bekusetyenziswa ialuminiyam eshinyeneyo, ijet yamanzi ibizakuba [nenzuzo],” ucacisa uDiehl.” Ilaser ayinaso isakhono sokugqitha kwinto efana ne-1″ aluminiyam. t tyhutyha ilizwe ixesha elide kakhulu, kodwa ngoku kunye ne-wattage fiber optics ephezulu kunye nenkqubela phambili kwitekhnoloji yelaser, 1″ i-aluminiyam ayiseyongxaki.Ukuba wenze uthelekiso lweendleko, kuba Utyalo-mali lokuqala kumatshini, iijethi zamanzi zinokungabizi.I-Laser cut parts inokuba ngamaxesha ali-10 amaninzi, kodwa kufuneka ube kule ndawo yomthamo ophezulu ukuqhuba iindleko.Njengoko uqhuba iinxalenye ezixubeneyo ezinomthamo ophantsi, Kusenokubakho iingenelo ezithile kwijetting yamanzi, kodwa ngokuqinisekileyo hayi kwindawo yemveliso.Ukuba ukulo naluphi na uhlobo lokusingqongileyo apho kufuneka uqhube amakhulu okanye amawaka eenxalenye, ayisosicelo sejethi yamanzi.”
Ukubonisa ukonyuka kwamandla e-laser akhoyo, itekhnoloji ye-ENSIS ye-Amada inyukile ukusuka kwi-2 kW ukuya kwi-12 kW xa yaziswa ngo-2013. Kwelinye icala lesikali, umatshini we-VENTIS ka-Amada (owaziswe eFabtech 2019) wenza ukuba uluhlu olubanzi lokusetyenzwa kwezinto. ngomqadi ohamba ecaleni kobubanzi bomlomo.
"Sinokwenza iindlela ezahlukeneyo ngokujikeleza emva naphambili, phezulu naphantsi, ngapha nangapha, okanye umzobo wesibhozo," kusho u-Diehl nge-VENTIS. "Enye yezinto esizifundileyo kwi-teknoloji ye-ENSIS kukuba yonke into inomnandi. indawo - indlela ethanda ukusika ngayo.Senza oku sisebenzisa iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zeepateni kunye nokubunjwa kwemiqadi.NgeVENTIS, thina Iya ngasemva naphambili phantse njengesarha;njengoko intloko ishukuma, umqadi ubuyela umva naphambili, ukuze ufumane imigca egudileyo, umgangatho obalaseleyo, kwaye ngamanye amaxesha isantya.
Njengenkqubo encinci ye-protoMAX ye-waterjet ye-OMAX, i-Amada ilungiselela "inkqubo yefayibha encinci kakhulu" kwiindibano zocweyo ezincinci okanye "iindibano zocweyo ze-R&D prototyping" abafuni ukuqhekeza kwisebe labo lemveliso xa befuna kuphela ukwenza iprototypes.part ezimbalwa. ”
Ixesha lokuposa: Feb-09-2022