Uninzi lwabalawuli abaxhathisayo be-welding abanalo ufundo lwe-welding yangoku kunye ne-force.Ngoko ke, luluvo oluhle lokuthenga i-ammeter ye-welding ephathekayo ephathekayo kunye ne-dynamometer.
I-resistance spot welding ibonakala ilula kwaye ilula de i-weld iqhekeke, apho inkqubo ithatha ngokukhawuleza kwinqanaba elitsha lokubaluleka.
Ngokungafaniyo ne-arc welding, evelisa i-pass ekulula ukuyihlola ngokubonakalayo, i-welds ye-spot ibonakala iqhelekileyo, kodwa isenokuphuma ngaphandle ngenxa yokungabikho kwe-fusion efanelekileyo.Nangona kunjalo, akusiyo impazamo yenkqubo. incinci kakhulu okanye imiselwe ngokungachanekanga kwisicelo.
Ngelixa umatshini omncinci, okhaphukhaphu unokulungela usetyenziso oluthile, kufuneka wazi kakuhle ukuze wazi ukuba ufumana ntoni na phambi kokuba wenze utyalo-mali.
I-resistance spot welding ikhethekile kuba yindlela enesantya esiphezulu yokudibanisa isinyithi ngaphandle kokongeza isinyithi sokuzalisa. idala umdibaniso owomeleleyo owenziweyo - obizwa ngokuba yi-nugget.I-clamping force echanekileyo ikwayinto ebalulekileyo njengoko inceda ukumisela ukuxhathisa.
Xa isetyenziswe ngokufanelekileyo, ukuwelda indawo yokumelana yeyona ndlela ikhawulezayo, inamandla nexabiso eliphantsi yokujoyina i-metal sheets.Nangona kunjalo, nangona i-spot welding isetyenziswe kwimveliso iminyaka engaphezu kwe-100, ayikaqondwa kakuhle ngaphandle koshishino lweemoto.
Nangona inkqubo ingabonakala ilula, kufuneka uqonde izinto ezininzi eziguquguqukayo kunye nendlela yokulungelelanisa nganye ukufezekisa umphumo oyifunayo-idibeneyo edibeneyo enamandla kunesiseko sesinyithi.
I-Resistance spot welding ineenguqu ezintathu eziphambili ekufuneka zimiselwe ngokuchanekileyo.
I-resistance spot welding ibonakala ilula kwaye ilula de i-weld iqhekeke, apho inkqubo ithatha ngokukhawuleza kwinqanaba elitsha lokubaluleka.
Ukungaphumeleli ukuqonda ngokupheleleyo ukubaluleka kwezi ziguquko kunye nobudlelwane phakathi kwabo kunokubangela ukuba i-welds ebuthathaka, engathandekiyo.Ngelishwa, ezi ngxaki zihlala zityholwa kwinkqubo ngokwayo, nto leyo ebangele ukuba iivenkile zithathe indawo yazo kunye neendlela zokujoyina isinyithi esicothayo nesibiza kakhulu. njenge-arc welding, i-riveting, i-riveting kunye ne-adhesives.
Ukukhetha indawo yokumelana ne-welder efanelekileyo kunye nomlawuli kunokubhidanisa abanini beevenkile kuba kukho iibrendi ezininzi kunye noluhlu lwamaxabiso onokukhetha kuwo.Ukongezwa kwii-welders ze-AC ezixhaphakileyo ezisetyenziswayo, i-intermediate frequency DC kunye ne-capacitor discharge models zikhoyo ngoku.
Ulawulo lwe-elektroniki olufakwe kwii-welders zokumelana ngokuqhelekileyo luphawu oluhlukeneyo kunye nokukhetha komntu ngamnye.Ukongeza ekulawuleni ixesha le-weld kunye ne-amperage, iimodeli ezininzi zolawulo lwanamhlanje zibandakanya iimpawu ezicwangcisiweyo zedijithali ebezizikhetho ezibizayo ngaphambili, ezifana ne-upslope kunye ne-pulsation. esweni inkqubo welding njengoko iimpawu eyakhelwe-ngaphakathi.
Namhlanje, uninzi lweendawo zokuwelda ezithengiswa kumazwe angaphandle ziyathengiswa eMelika, kodwa zimbalwa kuphela ezidibana ne-Amperage ye-Amperage ye-Heavy Duty Resistance Welding Manufacturing Alliance (RWMA) kunye neenkcukacha zesakhono.
Abanye oomatshini balinganisiwe kwaye bathelekiseke ngokusekelwe kumlinganiselo wabo we-kilovolt-ampere (KVA), kwaye abavelisi be-welder banokukhohlisa ukulinganiswa kwe-thermal ukubaxa amandla oomatshini babo, abanokubhidanisa abathengi.
Umgangatho woshishino lwe-RWMA ufuna ukuba i-welders yendawo ixhotyiswe nge-transformer kunye ne-50% yokulinganisa umjikelezo womsebenzi.Umjikelo womsebenzi ulinganisa ipesenti yexesha i-transformer inokuqhuba ngoku ngaphandle kokushisa ngexesha lomzuzu omnye wokudibanisa.Eli xabiso lisetyenziselwa ukuqinisekisa ukuba umbane amacandelo angasebenzi ngaphezu komthamo wabo we-thermal.Nangona kunjalo, ukubhidanisa abathengi, abanye abakhi bomatshini balinganisela abaguquli babo kwi-10% kuphela, engaphezulu kokuphindwe kabini kwi-nameplate yabo ye-KVA.
Kwakhona, iireyithingi ze-KVA azihambelani ngokubanzi nesakhono sokuwelda sendawo yokuwelda.Imveliso yesibini ekhoyo yewelding yangoku iyahluka ngokubanzi ngobude bengalo (umqala womqala) womatshini, umsantsa othe nkqo phakathi kweengalo, kunye nombane wesibini we-welding. i-transformer.
Njengoxinzelelo lwamanzi, umbane wesibini we-transformer kufuneka ube phezulu ngokwaneleyo ukutyhala i-welding yangoku yesibini ngaphandle kwe-transformer kunye nengalo yobhedu ye-welder kunye ne-electrode welding welding (incam).
Isiphumo sesibini se-spotform welding welding idla ngokuba yi-6 ukuya kwi-8 V kuphela, ukuba isicelo sakho sokuwelda sifuna umatshini onzulu womqala onengalo ende, unokufuna i-transformer enezinga eliphezulu lesibini lombane ukuze woyise i-loop enkulu yesibini. .
Xa i-welder ye-resistance ilinganiswe ngokufanelekileyo kwaye imiselwe, ukusetyenziswa kwendawo yokushisa okulawulwa ngokuchanekileyo okudalwe ukuchasana kwentsimbi ukuya kwi-welding current kudala idibaniso elomeleleyo edibeneyo - ebizwa ngokuba yi-nugget.
Oku kuyinyani ngakumbi ukuba indawo ye-welding ifuna ukuba inxalenye ilayishwe nzulu emqaleni we-machine.Steel emqaleni iphazamisa i-magnetic field phakathi kweengalo kwaye iphanga umatshini we-welding welding amplifier.
I-welding forging force idla ngokuveliswa yi-cylinder.Ngokomzekelo, kumatshini we-swing arm, i-welding force ekhoyo iyahluka ngokomlinganiselo wobude bengalo ukuya kumgama we-cylinder okanye intonga yonyawo ukusuka kwi-fulcrum.Ngamanye amazwi. , ukuba ingalo emfutshane ithathelwe indawo yingalo ende, i-welding force ekhoyo iya kuncitshiswa kakhulu.
Oomatshini abasebenza ngeenyawo bafuna ukuba umqhubi atyhale ezantsi kwi-pedal yonyawo lomatshini ukuze acime i-electrode.Ngenxa yamandla ombane alinganiselweyo, aba matshini abafane bavelise amandla okubumba afunekayo ukuhlangabezana neyona migaqo ifanelekileyo yeKlasi A ye-weld spot.
Iiwelds zodidi A zinamandla aphezulu kunye nezona ziphumo zikhangayo.Ezi ziphumo ziphuculweyo zafunyanwa ngokumisela umatshini ukuvelisa i-amperage ephezulu, amaxesha amafutshane, kunye namandla afanelekileyo.
Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba amandla e-welding kufuneka abe kuluhlu olufanelekileyo.Ukunciphisa kakhulu ukusetwa kwamandla kunokubangela ukugqabhuka kwesinyithi kunye ne-dented enzulu, i-welds ekhangeleka kakhulu. ukomelela kwe-weld kunye ne-ductility.Ukukhetha iiTshati zeShedyuli yokuWelding eLungileyo ezidwelisa iKlasi A, iB kunye neseto lwe-C kumatshini wobunzima obahlukeneyo bentsimbi zibandakanyiwe kwiincwadi zereferensi ezifana ne-RWMA's Resistance Welding Handbook, Revised 4th Edition.Nangona iiweldi zeKlasi C zisenamandla ngokwentelekiso, zona ngokuqhelekileyo zithathwa njengezingamkelekanga ngenxa yommandla omkhulu ochaphazelekayo ubushushu (HAZ) ngenxa yexesha elide le-welding.Umzekelo, iziqwenga ezimbini zokucoca i-18-ga.intsimbi ethambileyo inenqanaba le-A inkcazo ye-weld ye-10,300 ye-weld amps, i-650 lbs. I-Welding force kunye ne-8 ye-welding time cycles. indibaniselwano yentsimbi efanayo yi-6,100 amps, 205 lbs.force, kwaye ukuya kuthi ga kwimijikelezo ye-welding yangoku ye-42. Eli xesha le-welding elongeziweyo elingaphezu kwesiqingatha sesibini linokugqithisa i-electrodes, lidale indawo enkulu kakhulu echaphazelekayo ukushisa, kwaye ekugqibeleni itshise I-welding transformer.Amandla okucheba okuqinileyo kohlobo olulodwa lwe-C ye-weld luncitshiswe kuphela ukusuka kwi-1,820 lbs xa kuthelekiswa nohlobo lwe-weld A.ukuya kwi-1,600 lbs, kodwa ngophawu olukhangayo, oluphantsi, i-weld ye-Class A eyenziwe nge-welder yendawo efanelekileyo. Kubukeka ngcono kakhulu.Ukongezelela, kwindawo yokuvelisa umgca wemveliso, i-Class A weld nugget iya kuhlala iqinile kwaye ubomi be-electrode buya kuba bude.Ukongeza kwimfihlelo yokutyalomali kwisixhobo sokumisela kukuba uninzi lokulawula i-welding ye-welding luswele ukufunda kwi-welding. yangoku kunye nokunyanzeliswa. Ngoko ke, ukulungisa ngokufanelekileyo ezi ziguquko zibalulekileyo, kungcono ukuthenga i-ammeter ye-welding ephathekayo ephathekayo kunye ne-dynamometer. Ukulawulwa kwe-weld.Ubuchule bokulawula obudala bungenakukwazi ukuvelisa ixesha elichanekileyo kunye namaxabiso okushisa kwi-weld nganye.Ngoko ke, kufuneka wenze uvavanyo oluqhubekayo olutshabalalisayo lwamandla e-weld ukuqinisekisa ukuba isebe lakho le-welding alivelisi i-welds ngaphandle kwe-spec. Ukuhlaziya ulawulo lwakho lwe-welding ye-welding yeyona ndlela ingabizi kakhulu ukuzisa imisebenzi yakho yokumelana ne-welding kumgangatho womgangatho ohambelanayo, omnye emva komnye. Kwimisebenzi yokugqibela ye-welding, cinga ngokufakela umlawuli omtsha we-welding kunye ne-electrode force eyakhelwe-ngaphakathi. esweni weld nganye ngexesha lokwenyani.Ezinye zezi ulawulo nkqu ikuvumela ukuba ukuseta ishedyuli ukuwelda ngqo amps, ngelixa umsebenzi womoya programmable ulawulo luseta olunqwenelekayo welding force.Ukongezelela, ezinye zezi ulawulo lwale mihla zisebenza ngendlela evaliweyo-loop. , Ukuqinisekisa i-welds iyunifomu nangona utshintsho kwizinto eziphathekayo kunye nombane wevenkile.Ukubaluleka kwaManzi okupholisa i-Welder Spot components kufuneka kupholiswe ngokufanelekileyo ngamanzi ukuze kuqinisekiswe umgangatho we-weld kunye nobomi obude be-electrode ngexesha lokuvelisa.Ezinye izitolo zisebenzisa ii-circulator zamanzi ezincinci, ezingenafriji, ze-radiator ukuba, okona kulungileyo, hambisa amanzi kufuphi nobushushu begumbi.Ezi zijikelezi zinokuba nefuthe elibi kwimveliso, njengoko iingcebiso ze-welding yendawo zinokunyuka ngokukhawuleza ngenxa yobushushu obuphezulu kwaye zifuna iitrim ezininzi okanye ukutshintshwa kwishifti nganye. ukuya kuma-65 degrees Fahrenheit (okanye ngaphezu kwendawo yombethe ephambili ukuthintela ukujiya), kungcono ukudibanisa umatshini kwindawo epholileyo yamanzi epholileyo / i-recirculator. inani le-welds phakathi kwe-electrode trims okanye ukutshintshwa.Uphononongo lubonise ukuba unako ukufikelela kwii-welds ezingama-8,000 kwintsimbi ethambileyo okanye i-welds engama-3,000 kwintsimbi ephekiweyo ngaphandle kokucheba okanye ukutshintsha i-electrode.Ufuna ulwazi olongezelelweyo?Ihlawula ukusebenza kunye nomthengisi oqeqeshiweyo ukukunceda ukhethe kwaye ugcine i-welder yakho yokuxhathisa.Ufuna ukufunda ngakumbi?I-American Welding Society (AWS) ineempapasho ezininzi malunga ne-resistance welding ekhoyo ukuze ithengwe.Ukwengeza, i-AWS kunye neminye imibutho inikezela ngezifundo zoqeqesho ezifundisa iziseko zenkqubo ye-welding yokumelana.Ukongeza, i-AWS inika isiqinisekiso esiQinisekisiweyo soBuchule bokuWelding, esinikezelwa emva kokuphumelela imibuzo eyi-100 yoviwo lokukhetha izinto ezininzi malunga nolwazi lwenkqubo yokumelana ne-welding.
Iitshathi ezidwelisa iKlasi A, B, kunye neseto koomatshini C bobukhulu obahlukeneyo bentsimbi ziqukiwe kwiincwadi zereferensi, njenge-RWMA's Resistance Welding Handbook, Rev. 4th Edition.
Nangona i-welds ye-Class C isenamandla, ngokuqhelekileyo ithathwa njengengamkelekanga ngenxa yommandla omkhulu ochaphazelekayo ubushushu (HAZ) ngenxa yexesha elide le-welding.
Ngokomzekelo, iziqwenga ezibini ze-18-ga ecocekileyo.intsimbi ethambileyo inenqanaba le-A inkcazo ye-weld ye-10,300 ye-weld amps, i-650 lbs. I-Welding force kunye ne-8 ye-welding time cycles.
Ishedyuli ye-welding ye-Clasi C yokudibanisa intsimbi efanayo yi-6,100 amps, i-205 lbs.force, kunye nokuya kuthi ga kwimijikelezo ye-welding ye-42 yangoku. Eli xesha le-welding elongeziweyo elingaphezu kwesiqingatha sesibini linokugqithisa i-electrodes, lidale indawo enkulu kakhulu echaphazelekayo ukushisa, kwaye ekugqibeleni utshise i-welding transformer.
Amandla okucheba ohlobo olulodwa lwe-C ye-weld ancitshiswe kuphela ukusuka kwi-1,820 lbs xa kuthelekiswa noHlobo lwe-weld.ukuya kwi-1,600 lbs, kodwa ngophawu olunomtsalane, oluphantsi, i-weld yodidi A eyenziwe nge-welder yendawo efanelekileyo ibonakala ingcono kakhulu. .Ukongezelela, kwindawo yokuvelisa umgca, i-Class A weld nugget iya kuhlala iqinile kwaye ubomi be-electrode buya kuba bude.
Ukongeza kwimfihlakalo, uninzi lolawulo lwe-welding lokumelana luswele ukufundwa kwe-welding yangoku kunye ne-force.Ngoko ke, ukulungelelanisa ngokufanelekileyo ezi ziguquguqukayo ezibalulekileyo, kungcono ukuthenga i-ammeter ye-welding ephathekayo ephathekayo kunye ne-dynamometer.
Ngalo lonke ixesha i-weld ye-spot yenziwa, umgangatho wayo kunye nokuhambelana kwayo kuxhomekeke kulawulo lwe-welding yokumelana.Ubuchule bokulawula obudala bungenakuvelisa ixesha elifanayo kunye namaxabiso obushushu kwi-weld nganye. qinisekisa ukuba isebe lakho le-welding alivelisi i-welds engaphandle kwe-spec.
Ukuhlaziya ulawulo lwakho lwe-welding ye-welding yeyona ndlela ibiza kakhulu ukuzisa imisebenzi yakho yokumelana ne-welding kumgangatho ohambelana womgangatho, enye emva kwenye.
Kwimisebenzi yokuwelda indawo yokugqibela, cinga ngokufakela isilawuli esitsha sokuwelda kunye namandla eyakhelwe-ngaphakathi angoku kunye ne-electrode ukubeka iliso kwi-weld nganye ngexesha lokwenyani.Ezinye zezi lawulo zide zikuvumela ukuba usete ishedyuli ye-welding ngqo kwi-amps, ngelixa umsebenzi womoya ocwangcisiweyo wolawulo ibeka i-welding force efunekayo.Ukongezelela, ezinye zezi zilawuli zanamhlanje zisebenza ngendlela evaliweyo, ziqinisekisa i-welds efanayo kunye nokutshintsha kwezinto kunye nombane wevenkile.
Amacandelo e-spot welder kufuneka acoliswe ngokufanelekileyo ukuze kuqinisekiswe i-welds esemgangathweni kunye nobomi obude be-electrode ngexesha lokuvelisa.Ezinye iivenkile zisebenzisa ii-circulators zamanzi ezincinci, ezingenafriji, ze-radiator ezinokuthi, ngokufanelekileyo, zihambise amanzi kufuphi neqondo lokushisa. imveliso, njengoko iingcebiso indawo welding inokonyuka ngokukhawuleza ngenxa yobushushu obuphezulu kwaye ifuna iitrim ezininzi okanye ukutshintshwa kwishifti nganye.
Ekubeni ubushushu bamanzi obufanelekileyo bokumelana ne-welder yi-55 ukuya kwi-65 degrees Fahrenheit (okanye ngaphezu kwendawo yombethe ephambili yokuthintela ukuxinana), kungcono ukudibanisa umatshini kwindawo epholileyo yamanzi epholileyo / i-recirculator. i-electrodes kunye namanye amacandelo e-welder epholile, eya kwandisa kakhulu inani le-welds phakathi kwe-electrode trims okanye ukutshintshwa.
Uphononongo lubonise ukuba unako ukufikelela kwiiwelds ezingama-8,000 kwintsimbi ethambileyo okanye i-3,000 ye-welds kwintsimbi eyenziwe ngamagalvanized ngaphandle kokucheba okanye ukutshintsha i-electrodes.
Kuyahlawula ukusebenza kunye nomthengisi ofanelekileyo ukukunceda ukhethe kwaye ugcine i-welder yakho yokumelana.
Ngaba uyafuna ukufunda ngakumbi? I-American Welding Society (AWS) ineempapasho ezininzi malunga ne-resistance welding ekhoyo ukuze ithengwe.Ukwengeza, i-AWS kunye neminye imibutho inikezela ngezifundo zoqeqesho ezifundisa iziseko zenkqubo yokumelana ne-welding.
Ukongeza, i-AWS inikezela ngesatifikethi esiQinisekisiweyo sobuGcisa bokuXhobisa ukuWelding, esinikezelwa emva kokuphumelela imibuzo eyi-100 yokukhetha imibuzo emininzi malunga nolwazi lwenkqubo yokumelana ne-welding.
I-WELDER, eyayisakuba yi-Practical Welding Today, ibonisa abantu bokwenene abenza iimveliso esizisebenzisayo nesisebenza ngazo yonke imihla.Eli phephancwadi liye lanceda abantu baseMntla Merika iminyaka engaphezu kwama-20.
Ngoku ngokufikelela ngokupheleleyo kwi-digital edition ye-FABRICATOR, ukufikelela lula kwizixhobo ezixabisekileyo zeshishini.
Uhlelo lwedijithali lweThe Tube & Pipe Journal ngoku lufikeleleka ngokupheleleyo, lubonelela ngokufikelela lula kwizixhobo ezixabisekileyo zoshishino.
Yonwabela ukufikelela ngokupheleleyo kwi-digital edition ye-STAMPING Journal, ebonelela ngenkqubela phambili yetekhnoloji yamva nje, ezona ndlela zintle kunye neendaba zeshishini lentengiso yesitampu sesinyithi.
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Ixesha lokuposa: Jul-05-2022