Kutheni isixhobo semitha esinoxinzelelo oluphantsi kunye nomsebenzi odityanisiweyo wokususa igesi sandisa izibonelelo zee-elastomers zePU eziphantsi
I-workpiece eyenziwe ngezinto zokuqhuba zisikwa ngokusebenzisa ijethi yeplasma ye-thermal ekhawulezayo.Yeyona ndlela isebenzayo yokusika iipleyiti zetsimbi ezishinyeneyo.
Ingaba udala umsebenzi wobugcisa okanye ukuvelisa iimveliso ezigqityiweyo, ukusika i-plasma kunika amathuba angenamkhawulo wokusika i-aluminium kunye nensimbi engenasici.Kodwa yintoni esemva kobu buchwepheshe obutsha? oomatshini bokusika kunye nokusika iplasma.
Ukusika i-Plasma yinkqubo yokusika izinto eziphathekayo kunye neejethi ezikhawulezayo ze-plasma ye-thermal.Izinto eziqhelekileyo ezinokunqunyulwa ngetotshi ye-plasma yintsimbi, insimbi engenasici, i-aluminium, ubhedu, ubhedu, kunye nezinye isinyithi. , ukugcinwa kwemoto kunye nokulungiswa, ukwakhiwa kwemizi-mveliso, ukuhlenga kunye nokukrazula.Ngenxa yesantya esiphezulu sokusika, ukuchaneka okuphezulu kunye neendleko eziphantsi, ukusika i-plasma kusetyenziswa ngokubanzi, ukusuka kwizicelo ezinkulu ze-CNC kwimizi-mveliso ukuya kwiinkampani ezincinci ze-amateur, kunye nezinto ezisetyenziselwa ukuwelda. .I-Plasma cutting-Conductive gas eneqondo lokushisa ukuya kwi-30,000 ° C yenza ukusika kwe-plasma kukhethekileyo.
Inkqubo esisiseko yokusika i-plasma kunye ne-welding kukudala umjelo wombane wegesi ye-ionized overheated (okt i-plasma), ukusuka kumatshini wokusika i-plasma ngokwayo ngokusebenzisa i-workpiece ukuba inqunywe, ngaloo ndlela yenza isiphaluka esipheleleyo esibuyela kumatshini wokusika i-plasma ngokusebenzisa itheminali yomhlaba.Oku kuphunyezwa ngokuvuthela igesi ecinezelweyo (ioksijini, umoya, igesi engasebenziyo kunye nezinye iigesi, kuxhomekeke kwizinto eziza kunqunyulwa) ngombhobho ogxininisiweyo ngesantya esiphezulu ukuya kwindawo yokusebenza. I-nozzle yegesi kunye ne-workpiece ngokwayo.Le arc ionize inxalenye yegesi kwaye idala i-conductive plasma channel.Xa umsinga ovela kwi-plasma cut torch uhamba nge-plasma, uya kukhulula ukushisa okwaneleyo ukunyibilikisa i-workpiece.Ngexesha elifanayo, ininzi. ye-high-speed plasma kunye negesi ecinezelweyo ivuthela isinyithi esinyibilikisiweyo esishushu, sahlula i-workpiece.
Ukusika i-Plasma yindlela esebenzayo yokusika izinto ezincinci kunye nezityebileyo. Iitotshi ezibanjwe ngesandla zivame ukusika iipleyiti zetsimbi ezingama-38 mm, kwaye iitotshi ezinamandla ngakumbi ezilawulwa yikhompyuter zinokusika iiplate zetsimbi eziyi-150 mm. "ii-cones" zendawo yokusika, ziluncedo kakhulu ekusikeni kunye ne-welding sheets egobileyo okanye e-angled.
Oomatshini bokusika i-plasma ngesandla basetyenziselwa ukusetyenzwa kwesinyithi esicekethekileyo, ukugcinwa kwefektri, ukugcinwa kwezolimo, amaziko okulungisa i-welding, amaziko eenkonzo zentsimbi (i-scrap, i-welding kunye nokudilizwa), iiprojekthi zokwakha (ezifana nezakhiwo kunye neebhulorho), ukwakhiwa kweenqanawa zorhwebo, ukuveliswa kweenqwelwana, imoto. ukulungiswa kunye nomsebenzi wobugcisa (ukuvelisa kunye nokuwelda).
Imishini yokusika i-plasma esetyenzisiweyo idla ngokuba nkulu kakhulu kunomatshini wokusika i-plasma kwaye isetyenziswe ngokubambisana neetafile zokusika.Umatshini wokusika i-plasma owenziwe ngoomatshini unokudibaniswa kwi-stamping, i-laser okanye inkqubo yokusika i-robotic. Itheyibhile kunye ne-portal esetyenzisiweyo.Ezi nkqubo azilulanga ukusebenza, ngoko ke onke amacandelo kunye nokuhlelwa kwenkqubo kufuneka kuthathelwe ingqalelo phambi kofakelo.
Ngelo xesha, umenzi uphinde unikeze iyunithi edibeneyo efanelekileyo yokusika i-plasma kunye ne-welding.Kwintsimi yoshishino, umgaqo wesithupha: unzima ngakumbi iimfuno zokusika i-plasma, ixabiso eliphezulu.
Ukusika kwe-Plasma kwavela kwi-plasma welding kwiminyaka ye-1960 kwaye yaphuhliswa ibe yinkqubo efanelekileyo kakhulu yokusika i-sheet sheet kunye namacwecwe kwiminyaka ye-1980. Xa kuthelekiswa nokusika kwendabuko "yesinyithi-yesinyithi", ukusika kwe-plasma akuvelisi i-shavings yensimbi kwaye kunika ukusika ngokuchanekileyo. Imishini yokusika i-plasma yokuqala yayinkulu, icothayo kwaye iyabiza.Ngoko ke, isetyenziselwa ukuphindaphinda iipatheni zokusika kwimodi yokuvelisa ubuninzi.Njengezinye izixhobo zomatshini, i-CNC (ikhompyutheni yokulawula amanani) iteknoloji yayisetyenziswe kumatshini wokusika i-plasma ukususela ekupheleni kwe-1980. ukuya kwi-1990. Ngombulelo kwi-teknoloji ye-CNC, umatshini wokusika i-plasma uye wafumana ukuguquguquka okukhulu ekusikeni iimilo ezahlukeneyo ngokulandelelana kwemiyalelo eyahlukeneyo ecwangciswe kwinkqubo ye-CNC yomatshini. Nangona kunjalo, oomatshini bokusika i-plasma ye-CNC bavame ukukhawulelwa kwiipateni zokusika kunye neengxenye ezivela iipleyiti zentsimbi ezisicaba ezinamazembe amabini kuphela.
Kwiminyaka elishumi edlulileyo, abavelisi beematshini ezahlukeneyo zokusika i-plasma baye baphuhlisa imodeli emitsha enemibhobho encinci kunye ne-arcs ye-plasma encinci. iindawo ezifuna ukusetyenzwa kwakhona kancinane okanye zingabikho kwaphela, ukwenza lula ezinye iinkqubo ezifana nokuwelda.
Igama elithi "ukuhlukana kwe-thermal" lisetyenziswe njengegama eliqhelekileyo lenkqubo yokusika okanye ukwenza izinto ngokusebenza kobushushu.Kwimeko yokusika okanye ukusika ukuhamba kwe-oksijini, akukho mfuneko yokuqhubela phambili kwi-processing.Iinkqubo ezintathu eziphambili ziyi-oxy-fuel, i-plasma kunye ne-laser cutting.
Xa i-hydrocarbons i-oxidized, ivelisa ukushisa.Njengezinye iinkqubo zokutsha, ukusika i-oxy-fuel ayifuni izixhobo ezibiza kakhulu, amandla alula ukuthutha, kwaye iinkqubo ezininzi azifuni umbane okanye amanzi okupholisa. Ukusika i-oxygen fuel cutting yinkqubo ephambili yokusika isinyithi esinzima, insimbi engekho i-alloy kunye ne-alloy-alloy steel, kwaye isetyenziselwa ukulungisa izinto zokuthungatha okulandelayo. kwi kunye nezinto ezivuthayo.Isantya apho ubushushu bokutshisa bufikelelwa khona buxhomekeke kwigesi.Isantya sokusika esichanekileyo sixhomekeke kucoceko lweoksijini kunye nesantya senaliti yeoksijini.Ioksijini ecocekileyo, uyilo olulungisiweyo lwe-nozzle kunye negesi echanekileyo ye-fuel iqinisekisa. imveliso ephezulu kunye nokunciphisa iindleko zenkqubo iyonke.
Ukusika kwe-Plasma kwaphuhliswa kwi-1950s yokusika isinyithi esingenakucinywa (njengensimbi engenasici, i-aluminium, kunye nobhedu) .Kwi-plasma cutting, i-gas kwi-nozzle i-ionized kwaye igxininiswe yi-design ekhethekileyo ye-nozzle. Kuphela ngale nto Umjelo weplasma oshushu unako ukusika izinto ezifana neeplastiki (akukho-arc yokudlulisa) .Kwizinto zetsimbi, ukusika i-plasma kuphinda kutshise i-arc phakathi kwe-electrode kunye ne-workpiece yokwandisa ukuhanjiswa kwamandla.Ukuvulwa kwe-nozzle emxinwa kakhulu kugxininisa i-arc kunye ne-plasma yangoku.An ukudibanisa okongeziweyo kwendlela yokukhupha kunokufezekiswa ngegesi encedisayo (igesi yokukhusela) .Ukukhetha i-plasma efanelekileyo / ukudibanisa igesi yokukhusela kunokunciphisa kakhulu iindleko zenkqubo yonke.
Inkqubo ye-ESAB ye-Autorex yinyathelo lokuqala lokuzenzekelayo ukusika i-plasma.Inokudibanisa lula kwimigca ekhoyo yokuvelisa.(Umthombo: Inkqubo yokusika i-ESAB)
Ukusika i-Laser iteknoloji yokusika i-thermal yamva nje, ephuhliswe emva kwe-plasma cutting.I-laser beam yenziwe kwi-cavity ye-resonant yenkqubo yokusika i-laser.Nangona ukusetyenziswa kwegesi ye-resonator kuphantsi kakhulu, ukucoceka kwayo kunye nokubunjwa okuchanekileyo kuyisigqibo.I-resonator ekhethekileyo Isixhobo sokukhusela igesi singena kwi-cavity ye-resonant ukusuka kwi-cylinder kwaye silungisa ukusebenza kokusika.Ngokusika kunye ne-welding, i-laser beam ikhokelwa ukusuka kwi-resonator ukuya kwintloko yokusika ngokusebenzisa inkqubo ye-beam.Kufuneka kuqinisekiswe ukuba inkqubo ayinayo i-solvents. , amasuntswana kunye nemiphunga.Ngokukodwa kwiinkqubo zokusebenza eziphezulu (> 4kW), i-nitrogen engamanzi iyanconywa.Kwi-laser cutting, i-oksijeni okanye i-nitrogen ingasetyenziselwa ukusika igesi.I-oksijeni isetyenziselwa isinyithi esingaxutywanga kunye nentsimbi ephantsi, nangona inkqubo kufana ne-oxy-fuel cutting.Apha, ukucoceka kwe-oksijini nako kudlala indima ebalulekileyo.I-Nitrogen isetyenziselwa insimbi engenasici, i-aluminium, kunye ne-nickel alloys ukufezekisa imiphetho ecocekileyo kunye nokugcina iimpawu eziphambili ze-substrate.
Amanzi asetyenziselwa ukupholisa kwiinkqubo ezininzi zoshishino ezizisa ukushisa okuphezulu kwinkqubo.Kufanayo kusebenza kwisitofu samanzi kwi-plasma cutting.Amanzi afakwe kwi-plasma arc yomshini wokusika i-plasma ngokusebenzisa i-jet.Xa usebenzisa i-nitrogen njenge-plasma igesi, i-arc ye-plasma idla ngokuveliswa, okuyiyona nto ininzi kumatshini wokusika i-plasma. Emva kokuba amanzi efakwe kwi-arc ye-plasma, iya kubangela ukuphakama kwe-shrinkage.Kule nkqubo ethile, ukushisa kwenyuka kakhulu kwi-30,000 ° C nangaphezulu. Ukuba iinzuzo zenkqubo engentla zifaniswa ne-plasma yendabuko, kunokubonwa ukuba umgangatho wokusika kunye ne-rectangularity of cutting iye yaphuculwa kakhulu, kwaye izinto zokuthunga zilungiselelwe ngokufanelekileyo.Ngaphezu kokuphuculwa komgangatho wokusika ngexesha leplasma ukusika, ukwanda kwesantya sokusika, ukuncipha kokugoba kabini, kunye nokuncipha kokhukuliseko lombhobho nako kunokubonwa.
Igesi ye-Vortex isoloko isetyenziselwa ushishino lokusika i-plasma ukufezekisa ukunyanzeliswa okungcono kwekholomu ye-plasma kunye ne-arc ene-necking ezinzileyo. Njengoko inani le-vortices yegesi ye-inlet iyanda, amandla e-centrifugal ahambisa indawo yoxinzelelo oluphezulu ukuya kumda wegumbi loxinzelelo kunye nokuhamba. umlinganiselo omncinci woxinzelelo olusondeleyo kwi-shaft.Umehluko phakathi kobuninzi kunye noxinzelelo oluncinci luyanda kunye nenani le-vortices.Umehluko omkhulu woxinzelelo kwi-radial direction unciphisa i-arc kwaye ubangele ubuninzi obuphezulu kunye nokufudumala kwe-ohmic kufuphi ne-shaft.
Oku kukhokelela kubushushu obuphezulu kakhulu kufuphi necathode.Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba kukho izizathu ezibini zokuba irhasi ejijekileyo ikhawulezisa ukubola kwecathode: ukwandisa uxinzelelo kwigumbi elicinezelekileyo kunye nokutshintsha indlela yokuhamba kufutshane necathode.Kufuneka kwakhona kuqwalaselwa ukuba, ngokutsho kokugcinwa kwesantya se-angular, igesi enenombolo ephezulu ye-vortex iya kwandisa icandelo le-vortex velocity kwindawo yokusika. ezahlukeneyo.
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Ixesha lokuposa: Jan-05-2022