Ukudityaniswa okuhambelanayo kweCNC machining kunye neshiti lesixhobo sokwenza isinyithi kuxhomekeke ekumiseleni inkqubo elungileyo kunye nexabiso elifanelekileyo kwicandelo ngalinye.#Esisiseko
“Xa uPringles efudukela esixekweni, yonke into yatshintsha,” utshilo uJeff Cupples njengoko wayeqhuba kuhola wendlela, kude nentsimbi ebizwa ngegama lakhe lokugqibela.Kuthatha malunga neyure ukuqhuba usuka kwikomkhulu lenkampani ye-Cupples' J&J eJackson ukudlula eWest Tennessee ukuya kumzi-mveliso wesathelayithi eDyerssburg-ixesha elaneleyo lokwazisa kunye nolwazi oluthile lwangemva, okokuqala, ukuba lingakanani ithuba lokunceda ukwenza oomatshini betshiphu betapile bavuselelwe. umnqweno wawusisixhobo esilula kunye nevenkile yokungunda ngelo xesha.
Abasebenzi baqokelela iinxalenye zoomatshini abatsha benkampani bokusika ifayibha laser, abadla ngokukhawuleza kunabazala babo be-CO2.I-Cupples' J&J ine-laser ezingama-25 iyonke, ukusukela kwi-3 kW fiber laser perforation indibaniselwano ukuya kwi-20 kW fiber laser, kuzo zonke iifektri zayo eJackson naseDalesburg, eTennessee.
Hamba nge-65,000-square-foot-foot satellite factory kwaye uya kubona ukuba i-Johnson & Johnson Company ye-Cupples ihambe kangakanani.Izixhobo apha zivela kumatshini wokugaya, i-lathes kunye ne-EDM ukuya kumatshini wokugoba, i-CNC rollers kunye ne-robotic welders.Konke oku, asibonanga isibuko esibanzi kunye nesinzima ngakumbi esinemisebenzi efanayo kwikhampasi enkulu yokwakha ezisixhenxe malunga neehektare ezingama-40, nayo enemisebenzi yenkonzo kwindawo kunye nezinye ze-Eagle kunye ne-Bystronic fiber lasers.Uhlobo olufanayo lomatshini wokusika kwelinye icala.Ngokukhawuleza, igama elithi "ivenkile enye yokumisa" esetyenziswe nguJeff Cupples ngaphambi kokuba ibonakale incinci.
Nangona kunjalo, yintoni eyenza le nkampani inabasebenzi abaphantse babe ngama-400 yodwa sisixhobo ngokwaso, nokuba kuseDellsburg okanye eJackson.Ukwahluka kunye nokwandiswa kobuchule bokwenza oomatshini kunye nokuvelisa ngokuyinxenye kungenxa yokubambelela kuluvo oluphambili.Njengoko i-Cupples yathi, "Icandelo ngalinye lineempawu zalo" -oko kukuthi, indlela yokubumba isinyithi, ngexesha elithile, kunye nezibonelelo ezithile kunye neemfuno zabathengi, zibiza kakhulu kunanoma yiyiphi enye inzuzo yokukhetha.
Ukufumana "isazisi" secandelo ngalinye lilungelo elilodwa leshishini leCupples.Ivenkile inokwandisa njani kwaye iguqule amandla ayo ngaphandle kokulahlekelwa ngumsebenzi opheleleyo wesakhono ngasinye?Indlela yokusebenzisa ngempumelelo izakhono ezahlukeneyo ezifana nokusika i-laser kunye ne-CNC yokugaya kwintlangano enye ngexesha elinye?Kwi-Cupples' J&J, impendulo iqala ngenkqubo yocaphulo lwemisebenzi eqaphela kwaye isebenzise iingenelo zeenkqubo ezahlukeneyo zokuvelisa kunye nezixhobo.
Kude nesiphithiphithi sezixhobo zefektri yesathelayithi, idrayivu ebuyela eJackson inika ithuba elihle lokuxoxa ngokujika kwemeko iyonke.Siye saxoxa ngotshintsho ukusuka kwi-manual processing ukuya kwi-CNC kwi-1989, kunye nokongezwa kwe-welding kunye nokwenza izixhobo zamalungu omatshini ngo-1981. Nangona kunjalo, i-Cupples ngokukhawuleza yabeka izinto zayo ekuthengeni umatshini wokuqala wokusika we-laser kwi-1997.
Nangona inkampani isebenza ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo zokulungisa kunye nezixhobo zokuvelisa, ukusika i-laser yeyona ndawo inebhongo.Umfanekiso ngoncedo lweCupples' J&J Company
Ngelo xesha, eyona nto yayinomdla yayikukuxhasa umatshini we-CNC kunye nezixhobo zokuvelisa ngokugrumba ngokukhawuleza kunye nokusikwa kweemilo zejometri ezilula.Isantya (kunye nomgangatho, kwiimeko ezininzi) koku kufunyanwa okutsha kuye kwaqhutywa ngokunzulu i-turf kunye neshishini legadi kwingingqi kunye nobudlelwane nabathengi abakhulu abanje ngeMTD Products, Caterpillar, Kubota, kunye neKellogg's (i-Pringles ethengiweyo kwi-Procter & Gamble ngo-2012) ukwandiswa.I-laser ikwayenza inkampani ibe ngumthombo okhethwayo weeodolo ezingxamisekileyo ukunceda abathengi bagcine oomatshini babo besebenza.Okulandelayo siyazi ukuba siqhuba iiyure ezingama-24 ngosuku, iintsuku ezi-6 ngeveki,” utshilo uCupples.
UJeff Cupples, u-J & J u-vice-president e-Cupples, uvelise i-spreadsheet yephepha elilodwa ukwenza lula kunye nokulinganisa inkqubo yokucaphuna, eye yaba yinzuzo ebalulekileyo yokhuphiswano.Ifoto ngoncedo lukaJohnson & Johnson wase Cupples.
Ukusika iLaser kukwavula amathuba amatsha okulandela izivumelwano zokuvelisa umthamo.Obu buchule ayisenamgqugquzeli nje wokusila kunye neeleyile, ukusukela oko yaba yindawo enebhongo ngakumbi, kangangokuba inkampani yaziwa ngokulungisa, ukuguqula kunye nokuyila imilomo yokusika i-laser ukusuka emhlabeni ukuya phezulu.Isisitshixo kwisicwangciso esixhomekeke kwimveliso kunye nobuchule bokucwangcisa ukuxhasana, nokuba kungezixhobo ezivelisa umsebenzi webhetshi okanye ngokusebenza okuhambelanayo kwiindawo ezifanayo.“Singasebenzisa i-laser ukusika into, siyigobe, siqhube abaphathi kwaye sibadibanise ngerobhothi, emva koko siyiqhube emva koko,” utshilo uCupples."Ingaba i-laser processing, okanye iprosesa kuqala kwaye emva koko laser?Ijethi yamanzi?Sesiphi esona sisombululo singcono kumthengi?”
Umnini kunye noMongameli uJames Cupples waseka i-Cupples' J&J Co. ngo-1966. U-Jansen Cupples (umzukulwana kaJames kunye nonyana kaJeff) naye usebenzela inkampani kwaye ungumphathi wezinto.Ifoto ngoncedo lukaJohnson & Johnson wase Cupples.
Ekuqaleni kuka-1998, kwiinyanga nje ezimbalwa emva kokufaka isixhobo sokuqala selaser, iCupples yazibophelela kwi-spreadsheet-based automation ukunceda ukuphendula imibuzo enjalo ngokufanelekileyo.Ngelo xesha, wathi uninzi lokhuphiswano nje "ukufakwa kwamanani", ukuhlawula amaxabiso asemgangathweni ngokugqithisileyo, kwaye akukho siseko sobunyani beworkshop.
Sakhwela inqwelo yegalufa kwindawo kaJackson, sidlula kwindawo esebenza ngelaser enxibe iindondo zelanga, singxamile sichola iinxalenye ezisandula kusikwa kwindlwane yentsimbi.Emva kwexesha, sayeka ukwenza imisebenzi yobuchwephesha kumatshini omkhulu okruqulayo.Nganye yale misebenzi ifuna izinto eziphambili ezahlukeneyo kakhulu kunye neeseti zezakhono ukuba ziphumelele, kodwa zombini ziqala ngendlela efanayo: cwangcisa ngononophelo umjikelo ukuze wenze imephu yekhonkco lenkqubo enokwenzeka, kwaye unqume ukuba yeyiphi na amaqela amane azimeleyo --Ukuvelisa, ukwenziwa kobuchwephesha, ukuvelisa. kunye nokusebenza kobuchwephesha - kuya kufaneleka kakhulu ekuphatheni umsebenzi.“Kufana neqela leenkampani ezincinci ezisebenzisanayo,” ucacise watsho uCupples."Nabani na owenza okuninzi ngumnini weprojekthi, kwaye basebenza kwiikontraka kwamanye amasebe."
Ukuze unqume isebe "eliphambili" lomsebenzi omtsha, i-Cupples isebenzisa inkqubo efanayo ye-Microsoft Excel-based, esetyenziswa ngabaqikelelo kwisebe ngalinye ukuba "i-subcontract" enye kwenye.Kule nkqubo, ingcamango "ilungu ngalinye linobunikazi bayo" liboniswa kule miba ilandelayo:
Le ndibano idinga umphathi onomatshini, kunye nokusika kwe-laser, ukwenza kunye nokusebenza kwe-robotic welding.Umsebenzi wokugqibela CNC machining umngxuma kunye nonyamezelo ± 0.0008 intshi.Ifoto ngoncedo lwe-J&J Company of Cupples.
Uqikelelo lungcono kunokuqikelela.UCupples uthe xa kuqwalaselwa inyani yokuba akukho nkqubo isebenzayo nge-100%, uninzi lwabaqikeleli baqeqeshelwe "ukwahlula yonke into nge-0.8."Nangona kunjalo, inxalenye nganye inobunikazi bayo, obuthatha ukuba inxalenye nganye nayo inokusebenza kwayo.Elona nani lokwenyani lawo nawuphi na umsebenzi onikiweyo linokuvela kwixesha kunye namava.Umzekelo, indawo enzima kakhulu inokubangela ukuba ukusebenza komatshini wokugoba kuqikelelwe ukuba ungaphantsi kunexabiso elicetyiswe ngumjikelo wexesha lomatshini.
Akukho-avareji.UCupples uthe ukuguqula iireyithi zomndilili wamaziko ahlukeneyo omsebenzi kwixabiso elinye kunokusebenza, kodwa iingxaki zivela xa umxube womsebenzi utshintsha.Njengoko ekubeka, “linganisa iikota ezintathu ze-HMC yakho nayo nantoni na eyenye” kwaye ivenkile inokufumanisa ukuba “onke la maziko makhulu okulungisa aya kulayishwa” ngenxa yokuba amaxabiso awo asenokujongelwa phantsi.Kwangaxeshanye, izixhobo ezingaxabisekanga kangako zinokuxatyiswa, nto leyo eyenza kube nzima ukuzalisa.E-J&J kwiiCupples, amaxabiso ayahluka ngokwendawo yokusebenza kunye nomsebenzi.
Eli candelo libandakanya indibaniselwano yokusika i-laser, ukwenza kunye ne-CNC machined parts.Ifoto ngoncedo lwe-J&J Company of Cupples.
Amaxabiso alungisiwe.Enyanisweni, umatshini ofanayo udla ngokufuna amaxabiso ahlukeneyo kwimisebenzi eyahlukeneyo.Umzekelo, ukubala ixesha lokumisela lomsebenzi kwikowuti nganye kunokubangela ukuba indawo yokusebenzela efanayo ifune ireyithi esezantsi yokuvelisa izixa zamalungu kuneendawo ezizodwa zobuninzi obuphantsi (ezidla ngokufuna ukuseta ngaphezulu).“Sihlawulela (umatshini) ngokubaleka ixesha,” utshilo uCupples.“Ababhali-mali baya kuthi ixabiso lalo matshini ngama-24-7, kodwa ngokusekwe kumava ethu, awukwazi ukubiza umrhumo we-24-7 ngokuseta.Ungahlawulisa kuphela xa isebenza. ”
"I-Overhead" ingaba ngumsebenzi othile.Njengoko kuseto okanye inkqubo (ekwachaphazela amaxabiso amaziko okusebenzela ngokwahlukeneyo), iindleko ezinxulumene nolawulo lomgangatho kunye nothutho zinokwahluka kumsebenzi nomsebenzi.Ngokufana nomyinge weziko lomsebenzi, uCupples uthe wafunda ixesha elidlulileyo ukuba ukubandakanya iindleko ezinjalo kwiindleko zolawulo kunokuba yimpazamo.Wathi kwanokuba “inzala ephezulu ngokuqhelekileyo isetyenziselwa ukugubungela into engaziwayo,” ngokufuthi umphumo uba “ingxelo yomsebenzi ithi wenza imali, kodwa imeko yakho yemali ayibikho.”
Lo msebenzi ufuna ukusika i-fiber laser, ukubunjwa kunye ne-robotic welding, kwaye emva koko ukucwangciswa kwe-intanethi yemingxuma kwi-HMC.Ifoto ngoncedo lukaJohnson & Johnson wase Cupples.
Amaxabiso ayamanzi.Iindleko zolawulo lomgangatho kunye nezinye izinto eziguquguqukayo ziqaliswa njengemilinganiselo yamaziko omsebenzi ngamnye ukusuka kwisixhobo esibizwa ngokuba yi-“Matrix”.Olu xwebhu lwespredishithi luxhasayo luvelisa imatrix yombhalo: inxalenye yespreadsheet echaza ukuya kuthi ga kwi-16 lemilinganiselo yentlawulo enokwenzeka kwixesha ngalinye lokubuyisela (elidla ngokumiselwa kwiminyaka emi-3 ukuya kwemi-5) kwiziko lomsebenzi elinikiweyo okanye iyunithi.Umqikelelo unokufaka izicwangciso zeshifti ezahlukeneyo kwaye usete amaxesha kwiziko lomsebenzi xa uzama ukuhlangabezana nethagethi yekowuteshini.
Ukuzenzekela kubalulekile.Emva kokumisela izinga leziko lomsebenzi, umqikelelo kufuneka afake kuphela izinto eziguquguqukayo ezinxulumene nomsebenzi-idatha yezinto eziphathekayo, inani leengxenye kunye neendlela zenkqubo, iiyure zokusebenza, njl njl-i-quotation iya kuhlaziywa ngokufanelekileyo."Sinokutshintsha izinga leziko lomsebenzi njengoko kufuneka kwimisebenzi emitsha okanye iiyunithi ezintsha ezinokuthi zibe nokusebenza okuphezulu okanye okuphantsi," kusho uCupples."Singakwazi ukulayisha inani leeyure esiziqhube kumatshini okanye kwiyunithi kunyaka ophelileyo, kwaye iya kusixelela ukuba iirhafu zethu zisenokwenza inzuzo kunye nembuyekezo."
Nangona zonke ezi zibalo zenziwe ngesandla, inkqubo yoqikelelo olucokisekileyo yenkampani ayinakuze isebenze, kodwa isafuna ixesha elininzi kunye nomzamo.Ngapha koko, i-Cupples ithathele ingqalelo ukunyusela kwiiphakheji zesoftware ye-software ye-multiple Enterprise Resource Plan (ERP).Nangona kunjalo, uninzi lweenkqubo ezivavanyiweyo ukuza kuthi ga ngoku zinengxaki efanayo: “Kufuneka uxoke kuyo,” utshilo."Kunzima kwinkqubo ye-ERP ukuqhuba iinxalenye kubathengi abaninzi kwiyunithi enye ngaxeshanye."
Ngexesha lohambo lokuhamba kwifektri yesathelayithi yaseDyersburg, sayeka ukutyelela iyunithi yokuvelisa "ephukileyo" eboniswe kumfanekiso ongezantsi.Lo ngomnye wemizekelo emininzi yomqeshwa omnye oqhuba umatshini onezinga eliphezulu lokutshaja (laser) kunye nomatshini onereyithi yokutshaja ephantsi ngokwentelekiso (umatshini wokugoba) ngaxeshanye.Le yunithi "yaphukile" kuba umatshini uhlala uqhuba iindawo ezahlukeneyo ngokupheleleyo, ngokuqhelekileyo kubathengi abaninzi.“Le yindlela esikhuphisana ngayo neTshayina,” utshilo uCoops.
Ukubeka izixhobo ezinexabiso eliphezulu ngokwentelekiso (oomatshini bokusika i-laser) ecaleni kwezixhobo ezinexabiso eliphantsi ngokwentelekiso (oomatshini bokugoba) kuvumela umsebenzi omnye ukuba aqhube iindawo ezahlukeneyo kubathengi abahlukeneyo koomatshini ababini ngaxeshanye.
Nangona kunjalo, uCupples uthe, iiyunithi ezonakalisiweyo zidla ngokutshabalalisa nayiphi na isoftware yolawulo lwevenkile edibanisa ngokuthe ngqo abasebenzi abanikezelwe kumaziko ahlukeneyo omsebenzi kunye nomvuzo.Ngokwahlukileyo, usebenzisa i-spreadsheets, kulula "ukudibanisa ezi ndleko kwaye usete iireyithi zomsebenzi."Okanye, “usenokuvumela amaziko omsebenzi akwixabiso eliphezulu asebenze nzima” ukuze afumane iingenelo ezingakumbi koomatshini abakumgangatho ophantsi.
Ukongeza kwimiba yemivuzo, "iiseli ezaphukileyo" zikwathintela iinkqubo ezilindele ukuba abaqhubi basebenze ngokuskena ibhakhowudi."Uwenza njani amaxesha amabini ahlukeneyo kumatshini omnye?"UCupples wabuza, nangona wayesele ephendule owakhe umbuzo.Kuyo nayiphi na imeko, "ukuxoka" kwinkqubo yolawulo lwevenkile (kule meko, mhlawumbi ngokuyila ngexesha lenkqubo yokuskena okanye ukubhala ngaphezulu kwegalelo lesandla emva kwexesha) kunokuba yingxaki.
Umzekelo, uCupples ukhankanya into angakhange ayiphindaphinde kwenye isoftware: ngokulula nangokukhawuleza ukugqiba ukuba ingaba ukuphumelela okongezelelekileyo okufunyenwe kwixesha elongezelelekileyo kuxabisa iindleko ezongezelelweyo zomsebenzi.Esebenzisa eyakhe inkqubo, kubasebenzi abaye basebenza ngokwenene iiyure ezingama-45 kodwa bafumana intlawulo yexesha elongezelelekileyo kwezi-5 kubo, akukho mfuneko yokufaka iiyure ezingama-47.5 (kungoko, iiyure ezingama-40 zomvuzo oqhelekileyo kunye neeyure ezi-5 zexesha elongezelelekileyo).Oku kungenxa yokuba isistim itshintsha ngokuzenzekelayo ireyithi yeziko lomsebenzi ngokusekelwe kwiiyure kanye zexesha elongezelelekileyo.Kwakhona akukho mfuneko yokwenza amaziko omsebenzi ongezelelweyo ngesandla kwisistim-efana ne-"OT1", "OT2", njl.-ukubala iindleko zexesha elongezelelweyo.Umqikelelo udinga kuphela ukutshintsha indawo yespreadsheet enye kwaye isicatshulwa siya kuhlaziywa ngokufanelekileyo.
UCupples uthe xa wayeqala ukwenza i-spreadsheet esinephepha elinye ukwenza lula kunye nokudibanisa iikowuteshini zeyunithi yeshishini elitsha ngelo xesha, oku bhetyebhetye kwabonakala kukude.Ukusukela ngoko, ukukhula kwenkampani kubonakalise impumelelo yeendlela zayo.Ngexesha lokubhala, le ndlela ibonakala ingenakutshintsha nanini na kungekudala.“Umsebenzi esiwenzayo ufuna abantu abambalwa, ixesha elincinci kwaye uchanekile,” utshilo uCupples.
Ngokufana nemeko yoshicilelo lwe-desktop ye-3D, i-Omax iphuhlise indlela enokuzisa ukuguquguquka, ukusebenza kunye nokulula kokusika ijet yamanzi kuluhlu olubanzi lwabasebenzisi.
Kungekudala, abasebenzisi beefektri zokusika isinyithi se-waterjet baya kukwazi ukusika iipleyiti zetsimbi, ii-composites, kunye nezinye izinto ngaphandle kokusebenzisa i-abrasives-okanye ubuncinane basebenzise i-abrasives encinci kunokuba bajwayele.
Umongameli weHunt and Hunt wathi ukusebenzisa umatshini wokujika/wokusila ngomnye weyona misebenzi inzima kumzi-mveliso wakhe oneminyaka engama-55 ubudala.Ukwathe ukuze kuphuculwe ukusebenza kakuhle komsebenzi wekhontrakthi, le yeyona nto ilungileyo inokwenziwa yivenkile.
Ixesha lokuposa: Nov-16-2021